Abstract
Patients with established cardiovascular disease are a top priority for preventive medicine. Evidence from clinical trials supports the merits of aggressive risk reduction therapies in survivors of an acute event. Improving their cardiovascular risk factor profile prolongs survival, reduces the incidence of recurrent atherosclerotic events, and improves quality of life. Blood pressure (BP) control is an essential component of cardiovascular disease secondary prevention programs; however, many patients are not receiving adequate antihypertensive therapy to meet their BP goal. By building on the specialist's discharge antihypertensive prescription, primary care physicians are ideally positioned to assume responsibility for ensuring BP goals are achieved and maintained over the long term in patients who have survived an acute event. Current hypertension management guidelines define appropriate BP goals and incorporate clear advice on how these goals can be met. BP should be lowered slowly and carefully through lifestyle modifications and pharmacologic therapy. Antihypertensive treatment should be given according to guidelines for primary prevention, although specific antihypertensive classes are indicated for initial use in post-myocardial infarction and post-stroke patients. In many cases, BP goal attainment will require the use of combination therapy with two or more drugs from different classes. With the availability of effective and safe antihypertensive drug therapies, including fixed-dose combinations, a BP goal of <140/90 mm Hg should be achievable in most patients.