Abstract
BACKGROUND: Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is an emerging access method to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices. OBJECTIVES: To identify, in the early stages of research and development, the perceptions and considerations of interprofessional practice (IPP) team members regarding features and functions for an AAC-BCI device. DESIGN: Qualitative research methodology applying a grounded theory approach using focus groups with a follow-up survey of participants using NVivo analysis software supporting inductive coding of transcription data. SETTING: Focus groups held at university, clinic, and industry conference rooms. Discussion was stimulated by a 14-minute video on an AAC-BCI device prototype. The prototype hardware and electroencephalography (EEG) gel and dry electrode headgear were on display. PARTICIPANTS: Convenience sample of practitioners providing rehabilitation or clinical services to individuals with severe communication disorders and movement impairments who use AAC and/or other assistive technology. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Descriptive statistics using thematic analysis of participants' opinions, input, and feedback on the ideal design for a noninvasive, EEG-based P300 AAC-BCI device. RESULTS: Interrater and interjudge reliability were at 98% and 100%, respectively, for transcription and researcher coding. Triangulation of multiple data sources supported theme and subtheme identification that included design features, set-up and calibration, services, and effectiveness. An AAC device with BCI access was unanimously confirmed (100%) as a desirable commercial product. Participants felt that the AAC-BCI prototype appeared effective for meeting daily communication needs (75%). Results showed that participants' preference on headgear types would change based on accuracy (91%) and rate (83%) of performance. A data-logging feature was considered beneficial by 100% of participants. CONCLUSIONS: IPP teams provided critical impressions on design, services, and features for a commercial AAC-BCI device. Expressed feature and function preferences showed dependence on communication accuracy, rate, and effectiveness. This provides vital guidance for successful clinical deployment.