Abstract
Pygmy jerboas are one of the smallest taxa of rodents. They exhibit distinctly different morphological and biological characteristics from other subfamilies, such as more restricted distribution, species richness, reproductive ability, and population size. Agricultural expansion and the development of new energy projects in recent years lead to sharp decline of their natural populations. Here, we assembled and annotated the first reference genome for the subfamily Cardiocraniinae using Illunima and Nanopore sequencing from the thick-tailed pygmy jerboa, Salpingotus crassicauda. The final genome is 2.44 Gb in size, with a contig N50 length of 13.71 Mb and a BUSCO completeness of 96.35%. A total of 23,344 protein-coding genes were annotated in the final genome. We also determined the mitochondrial genome of this species and annotated 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, and 2 rRNA. These genomic assemblies provide resources in studying phylogeny and adaptive evolution of Dipodidae, as well as implementing conservation management of jerboas.