Abstract
The soil-borne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most devastating necrotrophic pathogens worldwide, responsible for causing rice sheath blight (RSB). This pathogen has a broad host range, affecting economically important monocots and dicots such as rice, wheat, potato, soybean, sugar beet, and cucumber. Despite extensive screening of rice germplasm, genes that confer full resistance to RSB have rarely been identified, leading to slow progress in breeding resistant varieties. To identify RSB-resistant rice cultivars in Korea, variations in quantitatively inherited resistance have been observed. We conducted a study to visually assess the RSB resistance phenotypes of 250 cultivated varieties under natural disease conditions in the field over several years. Notable candidates included P1401, which showed resistance, while Junam was susceptible. To identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance, we developed an F2 mapping population by crossing P1401 and Junam, followed by bulked segregant analysis. These QTLs were mapped to specific locations on seven of the 12 rice chromosomes. This mapping population and the resulting datasets provide valuable resources for advancing genomic research in rice, particularly for marker-assisted breeding strategies for enhancing resistance to R. solani and other important agronomic traits.