Healthy Women Have Higher Systemic Uromodulin Levels: Identification of Uromodulin as an Estrogen Responsive Gene

Serum uromodulin levels are higher in healthy female participants than healthy male participants.Serum uromodulin levels in participants with normal kidney function do not correlate with eGFR but do correlate with body mass index.Estrogen increases uromodulin production, likely because of noncanonical and half estrogen response elements in the UMOD gene.