Abstract
Among all reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) takes a central role in regulating plant development and responses to the environment. The diverse role of H(2)O(2) is achieved through its compartmentalized synthesis, temporal control exerted by the antioxidant machinery, and ability to oxidize specific residues of target proteins. Here, we examine the role of H(2)O(2) in stress acclimation beyond the well-studied transcriptional reprogramming, modulation of plant hormonal networks and long-distance signalling waves by highlighting its global impact on the transcriptional regulation and translational machinery.