α(S1)-Casein elucidate major T-cell responses in cow's milk allergy

Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is increasing in prevalence, affecting approximately 4% of children. Cow’s milk (CM) is a common cause of fatal/ near fatal anaphylactic reactions. Understanding of CM-specific CD4+ T-cells responses to milk allergens should help elucidate the pathological mechanisms of persistent CMA. Milk allergen epitopes specific T-cells were examined in CMA subjects. Frequencies and phenotypes of these T-cells were found to be different between older and younger subjects.