Abstract
BACKGROUND: Disabled homolog 2-interacting protein is a new member of the Ras GTPase superfamily involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. However, the expression of disabled homolog 2-interacting protein in renal cell carcinoma, its correlation with cancer prognosis, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes remains unclear. METHODS: The expression of disabled homolog 2-interacting protein was analyzed by UALCAN database, GEPIA database and the evaluation of disabled homolog 2-interacting protein effects on clinical prognosis. Prognostic factor analysis was used to identify the correlations between disabled homolog 2-interacting protein and cancer immune infiltration via the TIMER database. In addition, COXPRESdb database was used to analyze the enrichment of disabled homolog 2-interacting protein co-expression genes. RESULTS: Compared to the normal tissues, the messenger RNA expression levels of DAB2IP are higher in 8 while lower in 15 types of tumor tissues. Furthermore, disabled homolog 2-interacting protein has high expression in kidney chromophobe and low expression in both kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma. The messenger RNA expression levels of disabled homolog 2-interacting protein decrease gradually due to the increasing tumor staging which positively correlates with disease-free survival and overall survival in both kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma. The expression levels of disabled homolog 2-interacting protein also positively correlate with the tumor purity of kidney chromophobe, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma, and kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma samples. Besides, the expression of disabled homolog 2-interacting protein in renal cell carcinoma has negative correlation with the immune infiltration, and the immune infiltration of B cells and CD8+ T cells affects the prognosis of kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma. Enrichment analysis of disabled homolog 2-interacting protein co-expressed genes suggested that its biological role was mainly in regulating GTPase activity. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that disabled homolog 2-interacting protein functions as a tumor suppressor in the progression of renal cell carcinoma, and the expression of disabled homolog 2-interacting protein is related to the immune infiltrating cells and affects the survival of renal cell carcinoma. Disabled homolog 2-interacting protein can be a novel clinical biomarker for patients with renal cell carcinoma, which also provides new insights for the future treatments of renal cell carcinoma.