Comparative characterization of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus cell culture systems with application to propagation and titration methods

an immunostaining-based plaque assay using a commercial CCHFV antibody and a colorimetric readout, and an antibody staining-free, cytopathic effect-based median tissue culture infectious dose assay using a simple excel calculator. These are anticipated to serve as a basis for a reproducible, standardized and user-friendly platform for CCHFV propagation and titration.