Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Phyllodes tumors (PTs) of the breast are rare fibroepithelial neoplasms, accounting for less than 1% of all breast tumors. The WHO classifies PTs into benign, borderline, or malignant categories based on histological features. While benign PTs generally have a favorable prognosis, they carry a risk of transformation into malignant variants, particularly in cases of recurrence. CASE PRESENTATION: A 33-year-old female presented with a recurrent benign PT, previously treated with lumpectomy on two occasions. Recent imaging suggested possible malignant transformation, and histopathological examination confirmed a malignant PT. DISCUSSION: This case highlights the crucial role of imaging in the early detection of malignant transformation in PTs. Surgical management strategies are discussed, with an emphasis on the potential for recurrent benign tumors to progress to malignancy. CONCLUSION: Regular imaging and close follow-up are essential for early detection of malignant transformation in recurrent PTs, guiding timely and appropriate surgical intervention.