Abstract
Depression is a serious public health issue, with its morbidity and mortality rates increasing annually, resulting in a significant economic burden. Few data are available concerning dietary flavonoid and the risk of depression, which deserves further attention. We assessed the association between dietary flavonoid intakes and the risk of depression in the 2007 to 2010 and 2017 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey population. A 24-hour dietary recall was used to assess flavonoid intakes.. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess depression. The stability of the results was assessed using restricted cubic spline models and logistic regression, and sensitivity analyses. A total of 8111 individuals aged 20 years and older with a mean age of 47.8 ± 17.1 years were included in this study, of whom 48.7% were female. After adjusting for covariates, individuals with higher total flavonoid intakes were more likely to be older (≥40 years), non-Hispanic White, better educated, married, have a higher income, more active, current-mile smokers and more dietary and less depressed compared to those with lower flavonoid 8intakes. In the multivariable regression analyses,the association of flavonoid intakes with depression is evident in model3, The flavonoid intakes among 9.3 ± 4.3mg,25.4 ± 5.6mg and 587.6 ± 522.9mg demonstrated a correlation with depression (Q1,P = .013;Q2,P = .003;Q3,P = .712;Q4;Q5,P = .021). Overall, cubic spline regression indicated a novel J-shaped negative association between dietary flavonoid intakes and depression. Sensitivity analysis revealed stable results. This cross-sectional study provides evidence of association between dietary flavonoid intakes and depression in the US adult population. These findings underscore the potential importance of flavonoid in treating depression. Further research is required to explore the therapeutic potential of flavonoid in depression management.