Abstract
Growing global energy demands have stimulated extensive efforts toward sustainable energy solutions. In this work, Cu(2)S (CS) and its composites (CS-CNTs and CS-MXene) were studied for advanced supercapacitor devices. Surface analysis revealed a flower-like hierarchical architecture with high porosity, as evident by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, providing abundant active sites and promoting fast ion transport. Dunn's model analysis revealed a hybrid charge-storage behavior of all the prepared electrode materials. Among all prepared electrodes, the CS/MXene demonstrated the most superior electrochemical features in half-cell analysis, exhibiting a specific capacity (C (sc)) of 1692C g(-1) with an impressive energy density (E (d)) of 112 Wh kg(-1) at a current density (I (d)) of 11.7 A g(-1). Upon full-cell analysis, the CS/MXene composite delivered a remarkable C (sc) of 371.63C g(-1) at I (d) of 3.13 A g(-1), with E (d) of 61.93 Wh kg(-1) at P (d) of 1882.35. Furthermore, the CS/MXene retained 97.5% of its initial capacity after 5000 consecutive charge/discharge cycles. Furthermore, the electrode exhibited the shortest relaxation time, moderate diffusion coefficient and the highest ionic conductivity (0.092 S cm(-1)), confirming its superior charge transport efficiency compared to other electrodes. Collectively, these results highlight the potential of these materials for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors.