Abstract
This study aimed to compare the physical and chemical properties of TheraBase, a newly introduced resin-based calcium silicate cement, with TheraCal LC, Biodentine, and Bio MTA+ under in vitro conditions. Disc-shaped specimens were prepared from each material. Compressive strength was tested using a universal testing machine, radiopacity was assessed through digital radiographic analysis, and water sorption and solubility were determined based on weight changes after immersion. pH and calcium ion release were measured at multiple time points. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc tests (p < 0.05). TheraBase exhibited the highest compressive strength, whereas Bio MTA+ showed the lowest values. Biodentine showed the highest solubility, whereas TheraCal LC had the lowest. TheraBase presented the lowest values for water sorption, pH, and calcium ion release (p < 0.05). TheraBase demonstrated favorable properties, including high compressive strength, low solubility, and adequate radiopacity, suggesting its potential for clinical use in pulp capping. However, its low calcium ion release may limit its regenerative potential.