Abstract
OBJECTIVE: African potato (Hypoxis obtusa) is commonly used in Sub-Saharan Africa as a complementary herbal remedy for HIV-infected patients. It is unknown whether or not co-administration of African potato alters the pharmacokinetics of protease inhibitor antiretrovirals. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the African potato on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r). METHODS: Sixteen adult volunteers were administered LPV/r 400/100 mg twice a day for 14 days, followed by concomitant administration with African potato given once daily for 7 days. Lopinavir plasma exposure as estimated by the area under the concentration-time curve over the 12-h dosing interval (AUC(0-12h), AUCτ) was determined on day 14 and again on day 21. Lopinavir in plasma was analyzed using a validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Steady-state AUCτ and the maximum concentration following dose administration (C(max)) were determined using non-compartmental methods using WinNonlin Professional version 5.2.1. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata version 12.1. RESULTS: Co-administration of African potato was not associated with any change in lopinavir AUCτ, C(max), or C(trough). CONCLUSIONS: African potato when taken concomitantly with LPV/r is well-tolerated and not associated with clinically significant changes in lopinavir pharmacokinetics.