Conclusion
M. charantia can be recommended as a therapeutic adjunct for diabetic patients as it can provide favorable remedial action in the context of the diabetes continuum of metabolic syndrome.
Methods
An In vivo study was carried out by using twenty male albino Wistar rats randomly divided into five groups each comprising four rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal administration of 80 mg/kg body weight of alloxan and treatment with plant extract was conducted for a period of thirty days to check their impact on body weight and differentblood values. Biochemical profiling and characterization were performed by in vitro assays and HPLC, and FTIR. Histopathologic effects of M. charantia were examined through automated image analysis.
Results
Methanolic extract demonstrated potent alpha-glucosidase (72.30 ± 1.17%) and acetylcholinesterase (50.12 ± 0.82%) inhibitory activities. HPLC analysis confirmed the existence of vital flavonoids, antioxidants, and saponins. FTIR revealed the presence of hydroxyl groups, esters, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, ketones, alcohols, amines and carboxylic acids as major functional groups. Results of in vivo study demonstrated that co-administration of alloxan and methanolic extract of M. charantia significantly improved the levels of fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and insulin in diabetic rats.