Abstract
We report X-ray crystallographic and (19) F NMR studies of the G-protein RhoA complexed with MgF(3)(-) , GDP, and RhoGAP, which has the mutation Arg85'Ala. When combined with DFT calculations, these data permit the identification of changes in transition state (TS) properties. The X-ray data show how Tyr34 maintains solvent exclusion and the core H-bond network in the active site by relocating to replace the missing Arg85' sidechain. The (19) F NMR data show deshielding effects that indicate the main function of Arg85' is electronic polarization of the transferring phosphoryl group, primarily mediated by H-bonding to O(3G) and thence to P(G) . DFT calculations identify electron-density redistribution and pinpoint why the TS for guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP) hydrolysis is higher in energy when RhoA is complexed with RhoGAP(Arg85'Ala) relative to wild-type (WT) RhoGAP. This study demonstrates that (19) F NMR measurements, in combination with X-ray crystallography and DFT calculations, can reliably dissect the response of small GTPases to site-specific modifications.