Abstract
In recent years, microneedles (MNs) have emerged as a novel transdermal drug delivery technology, offering advantages such as avoidance of the first-pass effect, pain-free and minimally invasive administration, and convenient application. However, conventional MNs still face challenges, including slow detachment of MN tips from the base substrate and limited transdermal efficiency. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in MNs-mediated gas delivery for rapid separation, enhanced drug penetration, and combined therapy. The discussion encompasses the benefits and limitations of MNs and recent developments in MN-facilitated gas delivery to accelerate separation rate and improve delivery efficiency. By analyzing the therapeutic roles of various gases (e.g., H(2), O(2), NO, H(2)S, CO, CO(2)) and their synergistic potential when combined with MNs, this review also provides insights and references for the further application of gas-assisted MN systems for combined therapy in various disease treatments.