Abstract
This study analyzes the art production process of mental health users at the Juliano Moreira Colony (Colônia Juliano Moreira) in light of changes in the treatment of insanity. Drawing on documentary research and analyses of artworks, the study focuses on intersections between art, mental health, and the transformations of a place of confinement into a space for expression in its reflections on disciplinary power. Milestones of note are the hospitalization of Arthur Bispo do Rosário in 1939, the founding of the Bispo do Rosário Contemporary Art Museum in the 1980s, and the creation of the Ateliê Gaia studio in 2003.