Abstract
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disorder, particularly common in the Mediterranean area. Mutations in the MEVF gene cause it. AA Amyloidosis is the most severe complication of FMF leading to chronic renal failure. We describe a rare pediatric case of a phenotype I familial Mediterranean fever with V726A heterozygous mutation. The diagnosis was made at chronic kidney disease. We discuss through this case the importance of the early diagnosis of FMF heterozygous children which is not usually evident in some phenotypes. It will surely avoid fatal complications, inappropriate therapeutic approaches and higher healthcare costs.