Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) scans of 388 living adults of both sexes were collected from four self-identified ancestry groups from the United States (African, Asian, European, and Hispanic). Scans were acquired from multiple institutions and under a variety of scanning protocols. Scans were used to produce 3D bone and soft tissue models, from which were derived cranial and facial inter-landmark distances (ILDs) and soft tissue depth measurements. Similar measurements were made on 3D facial approximations produced by ReFace software. 3D models and all measurements were obtained using Mimics(R) software. These measurements are useful for facial approximations of unidentified decedents and for investigations into human variation between and among ancestry groups and sexes.