Abstract
Complementary medicines (CMs) are widely used worldwide, with usage rates ranging from 24% to 71.3%. Despite their popularity, many CMs lack robust scientific support and can potentially lead to adverse health effects. Limited research exists on CMs-related adverse events and the role of CMs' labels in conveying crucial information to consumers. This cross-sectional study investigated the usage, consumer perspectives, and influence of labels specifically on product-based CMs, including nutritional supplements, vitamins, minerals, probiotics, prebiotics, and herbal medicines. Practitioner-led therapies and mind-body practices were outside the scope of this research. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The study enrolled 125 participants who were current CMs users. Pharmacies and supermarkets were the primary sources for CMs procurement. Participants' perceptions of CMs effectiveness and safety were positively correlated. Label warnings prompted participants to seek additional information, but consultation with healthcare professionals was infrequent. Adverse reactions were reported by 18.5% of participants, with self-management approaches being common. Label warnings play a significant role in prompting consumers to seek more information about CMs. However, the limited engagement of healthcare professionals, especially pharmacists, suggests an opportunity for improved consumer education and pharmacist involvement in CMs-related discussions. Addressing these aspects can lead to safer CMs practices and informed decision-making among consumers.