Abstract
The natural product pneumocandin B(0) is the precursor of the antifungal drug caspofungin. To explore the relationship between pneumocandin B(0) and oil. We found that the addition of 1 g/L of oil to the fermentation medium is more conducive to the production of pneumocandin B(0). The metabolic reaction mechanism was explored using different fatty acids and the results showed that stearic acid and acetic acid increased the total production of pneumocandin B(0) by 22.98% and 9.08%, respectively, as well as increasing the content of intracellular lipid droplets. We also analyzed gene expression and pathway differences between the two different fatty acids using transcriptome analyses. The addition of both acetic acid and stearic acid promoted an active pentose phosphate pathway, providing cells with higher intracellular reducing power. We found that the addition of fatty acids can lead to lipid accumulation, and lipid droplets can sequester lipophilic secondary metabolites such as pneumocandin B(0) to reduce cell damage. These results provide novel insights into the relationship between pneumocandin B(0) biosynthesis and fatty acids in G. lozoyensis. In addition, this study provides important genetic information for improving the yield of pneumocandin B(0) through a strategy of metabolic engineering in the future.