Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fibrous dysplasia is a congenital disorder in which normal bone is replaced by fibro-osseous tissue or irregular trabeculae of woven bone intermixed with mature collagenous tissue. A single or multiple bones are affected. This rare bone disorder has three clinical patterns including monostotic, polyostotic, and that associated with McCune-Albright syndrome. Most studies report primary fibrous dysplasia. However, a few cases of recurrent monostotic fibular fibrous dysplasia have been reported. Here, we report a therapeutic strategy for recurrent fibular fibrous dysplasia. CASE SUMMARY: A 4-year-old boy was admitted for persistent pain in the left lower limb and abnormal gait over the previous 9 mo. He had no history of present or past illness. Preoperative imaging data showed erosion-like changes with bone expansion of the left middle and lower fibular segment. Tumor tissue in the fibular bone marrow cavity was removed by curettage, and rapid intraoperative pathological examination suggested fibular fibrous dysplasia. An allograft was implanted into the fibular medullary cavity. However, he was readmitted with clinical symptoms including persistent pain, abnormal gait, and local swelling at the age of 6 years. He was diagnosed with recurrent fibular fibrous dysplasia based on the second medical examination. He underwent fibular bone tumor radical resection and longus fibular allograft transplantation combined with fibular bone locking plate and screws. Good host bone to allogenic bone graft fusion was observed by the physician on postoperative regular follow-up. CONCLUSION: Radical resection of fibrous dysplasia and longus fibula allograft combined with internal fixation for reconstruction are suitable for the treatment of recurrent monostotic fibular fibrous dysplasia.