Abstract
Some specialties require publishing a paper as a prerequisite for becoming a Japanese Medical Specialty Board Specialist. Taking obstetrics and gynecology as an example, we wish to describe some concerns about this. Time limitations oblige residents to publish papers in non-PubMed journals with smaller circulations. Once data have been published, later attempts at secondary publication are difficult. This may bury some important data. Requiring an English presentation and writing an English abstract as a prerequisite for a board specialty may be an option to avoid this. Although we believe that the experience of publishing a paper during residency is important, how to deal with this issue needs further consideration.