Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a common and clinically significant infectious disease in elderly Homo sapiens aged 60 and above, characterized by atypical manifestations and complex treatment. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of tuberculosis-related pulmonary damage in elderly Homo sapiens, evaluates current care practices, and discusses associated challenges. Key areas of discussion include early detection and diagnosis, optimized management of medication regimens, provision of adequate nutritional support, rehabilitation-focused care, and psychosocial support. The necessity of regular follow-up and long-term management is emphasized to prevent complications and promote functional recovery. Future research and clinical practice directions should focus on developing personalized, technology-integrated care strategies to enhance care quality, improve clinical outcomes, and support the overall health of this Homo sapiens population.