Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, are one of the many severe outcomes amongst patients in tertiary care hospitals. Hospital-acquired influenza is amongst the most common infection which has affected huge population. OBJECTIVE: We have performed a meta-analysis in order to summarize the effects of epidemiology and clinical characteristics in HAI. METHODS: We performed literature review with help of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), The Global Index Medicus (GIM), and other clinical databases till 2021. Many random models were used in order to obtain pooled proportions, mean difference, odds ratio, and CI. RESULTS: A total of six studies were analyzed, where a total of 491 nosocomial and 4030 nonnosocomial infection cases were reported. The odds ratio of mortality was 0.02 with 95% CI and the risk ration for males was 1.08 with 95% CI. CONCLUSION: The proportion of nosocomial infections in cases of influenza was higher in patients admitted in tertiary care hospitals. Thus, a surveillance system for vaccination for all the high-risk patients must be made mandatory.