Abstract
This cross-sectional study involved 7514 pre-myopic male adolescents and examined the refraction and ocular biological parameters of these 15- to 19-year-old adolescents across various regions in China. By comparing the differences in these parameters among different geographic regions and age groups and analyzing the correlations between SER and ocular biological parameters, we found that there were slight variations in the refraction and ocular biological parameters of pre-myopic adolescents across different ages and regions. Specifically, SER was highest in the southern region and AL was lowest in the northern region. This study also revealed negative correlations between SER and variables such as the AL/CR, AL, ACD, PS and age. Notably, AL exhibited the most significant change in pre-myopic adolescents from 15 to 16 years old, followed by gradual stabilization. Other ocular biological parameters, including ACD, LT, and the AL/CR, showed significant changes after the age of 16. These results suggest that AL may be the earliest ocular biological parameter to indicate the onset of myopia, with changes in ACD, LT, and the AL/CR occurring approximately 1 year after changes in AL.