Abstract
In modern edge scenarios, the security of sensor networks plays a pivotal role in ensuring the safe communication of IoT data. Therefore, deploying encryption algorithms among edge devices is of paramount importance. However, most existing research predominantly emphasizes the efficiency of data transmission while often overlooking critical aspects of data integrity and confidentiality. The communication between sensor nodes and from sensors to end nodes necessitates additional robust security measures.This paper presents an enhanced approach to the RSA and AES algorithms, tailored for deployment on low-energy IoT devices commonly found in edge environments. The improved AES algorithm transitions from a single-threaded encryption and decryption process to a three-threaded design, reducing the ten-round operation to seven rounds to enhance both speed and energy efficiency. The enhanced RSA algorithm replaces the traditional dual-prime system with a triple-prime system, increasing the number of primes while reducing the bit length of each prime. This modification optimizes computational efficiency and strengthens security.Furthermore, we investigate the feasibility of integrating the RSA and AES algorithms and propose a novel RSA-AES hybrid algorithm MRA. This fusion approach leverages the strengths of both algorithms, encrypting the AES key using the improved RSA algorithm to bolster data security while maintaining efficient transmission.Performance evaluations of the RSA-AES hybrid algorithm demonstrate its exceptional capability in securing data transmission within edge scenarios,and the security of this hybrid algorithm is analyzed. The experimental results highlight that this algorithm not only ensures robust data security but also achieves high transmission efficiency, offering a reliable and practical solution for secure communication in edge environments.