Abstract
Nairoviridae is a family for negative-sense RNA viruses with genomes of about 17.2-21.1 kb. These viruses are maintained in and/or transmitted by arthropods among birds, reptiles and mammals. Norwaviruses and orthonairoviruses can cause febrile illness in humans. Several orthonairoviruses can infect mammals, causing mild, severe and sometimes, fatal diseases. Nairovirids produce enveloped virions containing two or three single-stranded RNA segments with open reading frames that encode a nucleoprotein (N), sometimes a glycoprotein precursor (GPC), and a large (L) protein containing an RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP) domain. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) report on the family Nairoviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/nairoviridae.