Abstract
Identifying determinants of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoir levels may inform novel viral eradication strategies. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) coinfections were assessed as predictors of HIV proviral DNA level in 26 HIV RNA-suppressed Kenyan children starting antiretroviral therapy before 7 months of age. Earlier acquisition of CMV and EBV and higher cumulative burden of systemic EBV DNA viremia were each associated with higher HIV DNA level in the reservoir after 24 months of antiretroviral therapy, independent of HIV RNA levels over time. These data suggest that delaying or containing CMV and EBV viremia may be novel strategies to limit HIV reservoir formation.