Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the quality and correlation of readability on actionability and understandability of shoulder arthroscopy-related patient education materials (PEMs) found via a routine Google search. METHODS: Two independent authors performed an online Google search with the term "shoulder arthroscopy." The first 5 pages of search results were then screened for PEMs. Journal articles, news articles, nontext materials, and unrelated websites were excluded. The readability of included resources was calculated using objective metrics: Flesch-Kincaid Grade Score, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook index, Coleman-Liau Index, and the Gunning Fog Index. Patient Education Material Assessment Tool for Printed Materials assessed for understandability and actionability. Associations between readability and actionability and understandability were determined using Spearman correlation and linear regression. RESULTS: The searches returned 53 websites related to shoulder arthroscopy. A total of 34 (64%) met inclusion criteria. A high school reading level or greater was required to read the average PEM according to all scales used. The average PEM received a Patient Education Material Assessment Tool for Printed Materials score of 61.33 in understandability (range 18.75-89.47) and 55.59 points in actionability (range 16.67-83.33). An easily understood or actionable article would score at least 70 points. A moderate correlation was observed between readability and actionability on three of the scales used (r = 0.5, r = 0.59, r = 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: Most shoulder arthroscopy PEMs identified on Google are not written at a level that the average patient can read, understand, or act on (actionability). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Orthopaedic surgeons should be aware of the resources that patients use to obtain medical information. More accessible PEMs should be developed for patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy to enhance comprehension of their condition and improve shared decision-making.