Abstract
The study assessed willingness to join and willingness to pay for health-insurance in Afghanistan and identified associated determinants. A household survey was conducted. Two health-insurance and two medicine-insurance packages were explained to respondents, who were then asked if they would be willing to join the packages and pay for them. The double-bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation method was used to elicit the maximum amount respondents would be willing to pay for the various benefit packages. Logistic and linear regression models were used to examine determinants of willingness to join and willingness to pay. Most respondents had never heard of health insurance. And yet, when they were told about it, the vast majority of respondents said they would be willing to join one of the four benefit packages and pay for them, ranging from 70.7% for a medicine-only package that included only essential medicines, to 92.4% for a health-insurance package that would cover only primary and secondary care. The average willingness to pay cost was 1,236 (US$21.3), 1,512 (US$26.0), 778 (US$13.4) and 430 (US$7.4) Afghani per person, per year for the primary and secondary; comprehensive primary, secondary and some tertiary; all medicine; and essential medicine packages; respectively. Key determinants of willingness to join, and to pay were similar, including the provinces where respondents were located, wealth status, health expenditures and some demographic characteristics.