Abstract
Objectives: There was less evidence particularly focused on dietary patterns and subsequent overall mortality in the elderly and no data for the interaction between dietary patterns and other lifestyle factors. We examined the association between dietary pattern and all-cause mortality in the younger-elderly Japanese, and explored the modifiable effect of lifestyles on this association. Methods: A total of 2949 community-dwelling residents aged 64 or 65 from the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project, were included. Dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis based on validated food frequency questionnaires, and cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval. The confounders included survey year, gender, marital status, working status, education, smoking, drinking, daily walking time, sleeping duration, social participation, living arrangement, BMI, functional capacity, history of heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cancer, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, and diabetes mellitus. Results: Meat-fat, healthy, and dairy-bread dietary pattern were identified. The significantly positive association between met-fat pattern and mortality was observed in the subgroups of never smokers (HR, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.41–5.96); the same association between dairy-bread pattern was observed within never smokers (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.22–4.13), heavier drinkers (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.09–2.39). For healthy pattern, the inverse association was further observed within never smokers (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.24–0.78), heavier drinkers (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.42–0.93), and those who walked more than 1hours/day (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29–0.80). Conclusions: We found smoking and drinking status, and daily walking time could modify the association between three patterns and overall mortality.