Abstract
Critical-like behaviors have been found in translational degrees of freedom near the glass transition of spherical particle systems mainly with local polycrystalline structures, but it is not clear if criticality exists in more general glassy systems composed of nonspherical particles without crystalline structures. Here, through experiments and simulations, we show critical-like behaviors in both translational and rotational degrees of freedom in monolayers of monodisperse colloidal ellipsoids in the absence of crystalline orders. We find rich features of the Ising-like criticality in structure and slow dynamics at the ideal glass transition point ϕ(0), showing the thermodynamic nature of glass transition at ϕ(0) A dynamic criticality is found at the mode-coupling critical point ϕ(c) for the fast-moving clusters whose critical exponents increase linearly with fragility, reflecting a dynamic glass transition. These results cast light on the glass transition and explain the mystery that the dynamic correlation lengths diverge at two different temperatures.