Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cancer is one of the causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Indonesia. Failures that often occur in the treatment of cancer primarily through chemotherapy, synthetic drugs that have side effects include anemia, alopecia, cardiotoxic and hepatotoxic due to low anti-cancer selectivity and unclear carcinogenesis process. Cyperus rotundus L. rhizome is one of the medicinal plants that potential enough to be developed as an anticancer agent. AIM: The aim of this study was to anticancer activity n-hexane fraction Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes to breast cancer MCF-7 cell line in vitro. METHODS: Cyperus rutundus L. rhizomes powder was extracted ethanol by percolation then fractionated with n-hexane. Phytochemical screening was then carried out. The cytotoxic activity of the n-hexane fraction was determined by observing this extract on MCF-7 cells using the (3- (4,5-dimethylimidazole-2-il) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) (MTT). Selectivity index (IS) of normal cells (Vero cells). Cell cycle and apoptosis induction were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The result showed that the fraction n-hexane Cyperus rutundus L. rhizome has anticancer activity against breast cancer MCF-7 cells with accumulation cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and through induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The n-hexane fraction Cyperus rotundus L. rhizome has potent anticancer activity.