Immune thrombocytopenic purpura secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a case report and review of literature

一例急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿继发SARS-CoV-2感染引起的免疫性血小板减少性紫癜:病例报告及文献复习

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Abstract

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterised by isolated thrombocytopenia which may be idiopathic or due to a secondary aetiology. ITP is being increasingly recognised secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the current pandemic. Here, we report a case of a five-and-a-half-year-old female child on maintenance chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who subsequently developed ITP secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our patient had prolonged thrombocytopenia secondary to ITP, requiring the use of second-line agents including romiplostim and eltrombopag. This is a unique case where ITP was recognised secondary to SARS-CoV-2. In such cases of thrombocytopenia, ITP should be considered as an important differential in addition to relapse of leukaemia or thrombocytopenia due to chemotherapy drugs.

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