Abstract
This study extends previous research, particularly focusing on patented scientific objects No. ID: PL 240 353 B1, investigating the physicochemical properties of the methyl 3-azido- and 3-amino-2,3-dideoxysaccharides with a nucleoside scaffold similar to 3'-azidothymidine (AZT). The study utilizes multiwavelength spectrophotometric and potentiometric methods to evaluate the ionization of the saccharide units in aqueous solutions. pK(a) values, obtained from two independent methods, reveal significant sugar ionization effects on UV spectra with varying pH levels. Stability constants for divalent metal ion complexes (Cu(2+) and Ni(2+)) with the saccharide isomers indicate that complex stoichiometries and stabilities are highly dependent on the configuration of sugar ring substituents. Spectrophotometric results show a descending order of CT-DNA-binding affinity: BRNH(2)OMe > BRN(3)OMe > ARN(3)OMe > ARNH(2)OMe, suggesting varied interaction strengths. Molecular docking of models of synthesized O-glycosides confirmed their potential as reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Among the derivatives tested, the compound BRN(3)OMe displays the highest interaction with the enzyme active site residues and DNA, suggesting it may possess the greatest efficacy. Our reported results highlight the promising inhibitory properties of novel O-glycosides against HIV reverse transcriptase, supporting their potential development as antiviral agents.