Abstract
Today, broiler feed formulators focus not only on minimizing costs but also on reducing environmental impact and maintaining broiler health. Lowering crude protein (CP) levels is a key strategy for addressing these concerns. The least cost formulation of diets based on the ideal protein concept - where amino acids are provided in appropriate proportions - is the most effective way to supply an economically viable and balanced amino acids feed for broilers. Such formulations also help reduce nitrogen excretion during the rearing period. Reducing CP levels in feed mixtures is possible through the use of crystalline amino acids (AAs). Given the high and fluctuating prices of soybean meal (SBM), the European Union (EU) is actively seeking alternative protein sources to reduce dependence on imported protein. The study aimed to explore the potential of wheat-based broiler diets as an alternative to SBM. It also evaluated the impact of increasing high-protein wheat proportions on the nutritional value and quality of feed mixtures. High-protein wheat, when appropriately supplemented with crystalline amino acids (AAs) by current nutritional requirements, appears to be a cost-effective solution for farmers. The substitution of SBM with wheat increases the feed grain and starch content, potentially reducing CP levels. This, in turn, could lower nitrogen and ammonia emissions, benefiting the environment. While this approach could help cut feed costs, further research is required to assess the long-term effects of such diets, including the influence of wheat processing technologies and the optimal dosage of feed enzymes to counteract the anti-nutritional effects of non-starch polysaccharides in wheat.