O.S. Miettinen. Up from Clinical Epidemiology and EBM. Springer, 2011: Up from clinical epidemiology and EBM: towards major improvements in clinical medicine

The most frequently used methods for handling random error are largely misunderstood or misused by researchers. We propose a simple approach to quantify the amount of random error which does not require solid background in statistics for its proper interpretation. This method may help researchers refrain from oversimplistic interpretations relying on statistical significance.