Abstract
BACKGROUND: Non-tuberculous testicular abscess is primarily a late-stage development complication of urological inflammation. As the disease progresses, some cases' imaging, laboratory results, and clinical symptoms are not typical enough, which frequently results in delayed treatment or a misdiagnosis that necessitates a non-essential orchiectomy. We analyze and summarize the data related to the surgical treatment of non-tuberculous testicular abscesses diagnosed in our hospital in order to help with the clinical diagnosis of related diseases and the choice of treatment. This is done through the analysis and summary of the pertinent data on the diagnosis of non-tuberculous testicular abscess for surgical treatment at our hospital. CASE DESCRIPTION: Clinical information for 11 patients with testicular abscesses who were diagnosed for surgical treatment in our hospital between 2006 and 2023 was retrospectively examined. Out of the eleven patients with nontuberculous testicular abscesses who had postoperative testicular pathology confirm the diagnosis, five had imaging-diagnosed testicular infarcts, two received orchiectomy due to misdiagnosis of testicular tumors, and one had an incorrect diagnosis of testicular torsion. CONCLUSIONS: Non-tuberculous testicular abscesses can present with a wide range of unusual clinical signs, making a diagnosis difficult to make. In order to reduce the risk of orchiectomy and testicular atrophy, the foundation of clinical therapeutic decision-making is to obtain a precise diagnosis whenever feasible and to intervene as soon as necessary with incision and decompression.