Abstract
Background: There are limited clinical data comparing extended dosing (ED) versus standard dosing (SD) of pembrolizumab for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. Methods: This retrospective study included patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer and PD-L1 tumor proportion score ≥50% treated with one or more cycles of single-agent pembrolizumab with SD or ED from January 2018 to December 2020. Results: A higher proportion of patients were alive in the ED group (vs SD) at 6 months (94 vs 51%), 12 months (94 vs 33%) and data cutoff (94 vs 26%) (p < 0.001 for all). The rate (44 vs 32%; p = 0.407) and severity of grade ≥3 immune-related adverse events were similar (50 vs 52%); however, ED patients more frequently discontinued treatment due to toxicity (45 vs 15%; p < 0.001). Conclusion: A greater proportion of ED patients were alive at data cutoff, and the rate and severity of immune-related adverse events were similar between groups.