Abstract
BACKGROUND: Acute cholecystitis resolves with conservative treatment in most patients, but empyema or perforation of an ischaemic area may develop, resulting in a pericholecystic abscess, bile peritonitis or a cholecysto-enteric fistula. CASE OUTLINE: A 63-year-old man presented with extraperitoneal and omental abscess formation complicating a cholecystocolic fistula secondary to gallbladder disease. Histological examination of the gallbladder and omentum showed xanthogranulomatous inflammation. CONCLUSION: A detailed literature review failed to demonstrate a previous report of this combination of rare complications of gallbladder disease.