Abstract
BACKGROUND: The ANRIL gene is involved in atherosclerotic processes and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) initiation. The rs1333040 polymorphism shows potential association with coronary artery lesions and cardiovascular events in AMI patients, though data remains limited. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prognostic value of the rs1333040 ANRIL gene polymorphism for coronary artery lesions and cardiovascular events in AMI patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study with longitudinal follow-up, conducted at the Interventional Cardiology Department of Can Tho Central General Hospital from October 2022 to June 2024. AMI patients underwent clinical examination, genetic sequencing, and cardiovascular event monitoring. RESULTS: Among 150 patients (mean age 63.8 ± 10.3 years, 70.7 % male), genotype distribution showed TT as the most prevalent (55.3 %), TC (38.7 %), and CC (6.0 %). Diabetes mellitus was more prevalent in the TT genotype (28.9 %) versus TC (12.1 %) and CC (11.1 %). Severe coronary artery lesions were more common in TT genotype patients (65.7 % vs. 45.4 %; p < 0.05), with the T allele identified as a risk allele (OR = 2.22; 95 % CI: 1.29-3.81; p < 0.05). Multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) was also more frequent in TT genotype patients (59.8 % vs. 49.2 %; p < 0.05). At the 9-month follow-up, event rates were: mortality 4.0 %, stroke 0.7 %, HF hospitalization 6.0 %, and MACE 10.7 %. Independent predictors for MACE initiation included age (HR = 1.05), diabetes (HR = 2.98), TT genotype (HR = 3.63), and T allele (HR = 3.39). CONCLUSION: AMI patients with the T allele of the rs1333040 ANRIL gene show more severe coronary lesions, higher multi-vessel disease risk, and poorer prognosis with increased MACE event probability.