Abstract
Kavalactones are psychoactive substances that naturally occur in some plants, such as Piper methysticum, Alpinia zerumbet, and Achyrocline satureioides, which are considered to have a significantly positive effect on human organisms. For example, Alpinia zerumbet is classified as a life-expanding plant. Although high-pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry has been used for kavalactone analysis in plant material, the fragmentation pathways of protonated kavalactone molecules are not fully known and require further detailed study. In this paper, the fragmentation pathways of [M+H](+) ions of twelve kavalactones, including three pairs of isomers, are discussed in detail. Special emphasis has been placed on diagnostic product ions, which are characteristic of kavalactone structures. It has been demonstrated that diagnostic ions and structure-fragmentation relationships enable the differentiation of isomeric kavalactones and may be useful for the identification of other kavalactone conjugates, such as kavalactone dimers or kavalactone glycosides.