Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a significant global health challenge, affecting an estimated 50 million people. In most cases, infection becomes chronic, with long-term risks including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Beyond hepatic complications, many individuals experience non-specific symptoms such as fatigue and cognitive impairment, which can significantly impact daily functioning. The introduction of direct-acting antivirals has transformed HCV management, offering cure rates above 95% with minimal side effects. However, HCV continues to disproportionately affect marginalised groups, including people who inject drugs, migrants, and those experiencing homelessness. With targeted support and inclusive care pathways, these populations can be effectively treated. In this review, we examine the latest developments in HCV care, including current treatment protocols, emerging clinical trial data, and future directions - particularly the pursuit of a preventative vaccine. Achieving HCV elimination will require not only continued therapeutic innovation, but also a commitment to equality and equity in healthcare delivery.