Abstract
Parsonage-Turner syndrome (PTS) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are distinct clinical entities with unique pathogenic mechanisms. The coexistence of these conditions in a single patient is rare and presents diagnostic and management challenges especially in adolescent patient. In this case report, we present a unique and intriguing case of an 18-year-old boy presented with acute onset shoulder pain and weakness, consistent with PTS. However, further evaluation revealed additional features suggestive of AS, including chronic low back pain and morning stiffness. Diagnostic workup, including imaging studies and laboratory investigations, confirmed the presence of both PTS and AS. The management approach involved a multidisciplinary approach, including physical therapy, analgesics, and corticosteroids. This case report underscores the significance of considering the possibility of concurrent PTS and AS in patients presenting with atypical symptoms or overlapping clinical features. Clinicians should be aware of the potential overlap between PTS and AS to guide optimal treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes.