Thermal Hysteresis and Reversibility of the Giant Magnetocaloric Effect at the Ferromagnetic Transition of Nd(2)In

Nd(2)In铁磁转变过程中巨磁热效应的热滞后和可逆性

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Abstract

The Nd(2)In compound exhibits an intriguing borderline first-/second-order transition at its Curie temperature. Several studies have pointed to its potential for magnetic cooling, but also raised controversies about the actual order of the transition, the amplitudes of the hysteresis, and of its magnetocaloric effect. Here, we estimate the thermal hysteresis using magnetic and thermal measurements at different rates. It is found to be particularly small (0.1-0.4 K), leading to almost fully reversible adiabatic temperature changes when comparing zero-field cooling and cyclic protocols. Some open questions remain with regard to the magnetostriction of Nd(2)In, which is presently found to be limited, in line with the absence of a thermal expansion discontinuity at the transition. The comparison of the magnetocaloric effect in Nd(2)In and Eu(2)In highlights that the limited saturation magnetization of the former affects its performance. Further efforts should therefore be made to design materials with such borderline first-/second-order transitions using heavier rare earths.

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