Abstract
Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a worldwide infection due to the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, a taeniid tapeworm of canids. Identification of the causative agent at species level relies on molecular methods such as DNA sequencing or species-specific qPCR, which are rarely used for routine case management. Among the different species within the E. granulosus complex, Echinococcus ortleppi (E. granulosus genotype G5 former "cattle strain") has been reported in only 19 human cases worldwide, including 3 in France. We report the 20th case of E. ortleppi cystic echinococcosis, which is an French autochthonous case of a patient without usual risk factors for CE, and living in an area not known to be endemic for E. ortleppi. This case highlights that medical community should be aware of the benefits from molecular epidemiology in understanding the landscape of parasitic diseases.