Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Epidermoid cysts are benign, keratin-filled lesions that rarely occur in the genital region. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, but histopathological examination is essential for confirmation. This case highlights a rare occurrence of an epidermoid cyst on the penis, emphasizing clinical features, diagnostic approach, and treatment outcomes. CASE PRESENTATION: A 35-year-old male presented with a non-tender, firm, well-circumscribed lesion measuring 2.5 cm × 1.8 cm located on the middle third of the left lateral aspect of the penis. Over eight months, the mass grew, causing pruritus, sexual discomfort, and self-image concerns, without pain or infection. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of an epidermoid cyst, with stratified squamous epithelium and keratin-filled cystic spaces. DISCUSSION: Although rare in the genital area, epidermoid cysts must be considered in the differential diagnosis of penile lesions. Clinical presentation, including a well-defined, mobile mass, is suggestive of the condition. Histopathological features, such as a cyst lined with squamous epithelium and keratin, are key to distinguishing it from other conditions like squamous cell carcinoma. Surgical excision with a margin is the treatment of choice, and recurrence is uncommon when performed adequately. CONCLUSION: Epidermoid cysts of the penis are benign lesions with a favorable prognosis following surgical excision. This case demonstrates the importance of accurate diagnosis and management to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure successful treatment outcomes. The patient showed no recurrence at the 6-month follow-up.