Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ameloblastoma is a benign, slow-growing odontogenic neoplasia that can infiltrate soft tissue and penetrate bone. Molecular markers like IHC staining with Osteopontin and CD10 antibodies can help understand the abnormalities and predict malignant transformation. This study aims to improve diagnosis and treatment by tracking these indicators alongside other clinicopathological aspects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study analyzed the correlation between OPN and CD10 expression and ameloblastoma aggressiveness and malignant transformation using 35 paraffin blocks. IHC staining was performed using OPN and CD10 markers, and cell counts and staining intensities were calculated using the IRS method. The IRS score was correlated with clinicopathological parameters using statistical tests (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The results of the OPN expression examination are strong (37.2%), moderate (37.2%), weak (17.1%), and negative (8.5%) Meanwhile, the results of the CD10 expression examination are moderate (28.6%), weak (54.2%), and negative (17.2%). Correlation test for OPN and CD10 expression is P = 0.940. Correlation test for OPN expression and each clinicopathological feature is radiographic appearance P = 0.708, root resorption P = 0.063, tumour progression P = 0.640, tumour size P = 0.428, tumour duration P = 0.477, and regional lymph nodes enlargement P = 0.687. Correlation test for CD10 expression and each clinicopathological feature is radiographic appearance P = 0.342, tumour progression P = 0.623, root resorption P = 0.940, tumor size P = 0.003, tumor duration P = 0.138, and regional lymph nodes enlargement P = 0.858. CONCLUSIONS: Ameloblastoma aggressiveness is indicated by high OPN and CD10 expression, while malignancy transformation potential is indicated by high OPN and low CD10 expression, with CD10 expression correlated with tumor size.